Patterns, such as the P 5 from 1849, are experimental coins produced to test new designs or metals before mass production. The 1849 California Gold Rush led to the creation of such coins as the United States sought to standardize currency using gold from the West. Pattern coins often feature unique design elements and are typically produced in limited quantities, making them highly sought after by collectors. Die trials, which are associated with patterns, serve as prototypes to evaluate the striking processes and design aesthetics before the final issuance of coins.