California Fractional Gold coins, minted in the mid-19th century during the California Gold Rush, served as a substitute for small change due to a shortage of official currency. These coins, typically issued in denominations of ten dollars or less, were often created by private individuals and companies to facilitate transactions. The 1851 denomination specifically refers to coins that were made from gold and often feature designs reflecting the state’s gold mining heritage. They are popular among collectors for their historical significance and rarity.